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Prerequisite; GEOG 213 and GEOG 414 or GEOG 415 or GEOG 463 or GEOG 465 This course introduces programming with Python in the context of GIS and spatial problem-solving. Students will learn core programming concepts such as data structures, control flow, functions, and modular design, and apply them to process, analyze, and visualize geospatial data. The course emphasizes writing custom Python code to perform spatial analysis, automate workflows, and build reproducible solutions. By the end, students will be able to move beyond commercial software and develop their own tools for geographic data analysis.